Advanced spectroscopy uses the way light interacts with matter - how it is emitted, absorbed or scattered - to gain insight into speeds, temperatures, and the composition of different materials.
Additionally, because of the wave-particle dualism of matter, spectroscopy includes the related study of the interaction between matter and particles – like electrons and neutrons. With this definition X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, electron microscopy, and NMR are spectroscopic methods.
There is an emerging area of expertise surrounding single-particle cryo-EM and cryo-ET of plunge-frozen samples at the Department of biochemistry and biophysics, physically located at SciLifeLab Stockholm.
