Liam MoranPhD student
About me
I'm driven by a fascination with emergent phenomena, determinism, and dynamic systems, both within the brain and in broader contexts. I am particularly captivated by how individual neurons, through their interconnectedness and adaptability, give rise to complex behaviors and regulatory mechanisms.
In my research, I primarily focus on studying the electrical interactions between neurons in the hypothalamus, a critical brain region responsible for regulating numerous physiological processes and behaviors. I investigate how these neural connections influence behavior and hormone regulation, delving into the dynamic network dynamics within the hypothalamus. By employing advanced techniques such as electrophysiology to measure the electrical activity of neurons, organotypic culture to observe neural networks in a controlled environment, immunohistochemistry to visualize specific proteins and neuronal populations, and computational modeling to simulate and understand neural dynamics, I aim to uncover the adaptable mechanisms that underlie neural communication and regulation.
Outside the lab, I savour a warm cup of tea, dabble in sketching and music, and engage in running and sports, despite occasional protests from my knees. Additionally, I volunteer by managing a repair workshop, where my passion for understanding complex systems becomes hands-on, oily, and even more full of frustration-driven profanity.
Teaching
I teach in the Master's Programme in Neurochemistry with Molecular Neurobiology, from which I am also a graduate. I serve as a teaching assistant in two courses:
KN7001: Neurochemistry with Molecular Neurobiology
- Led a problem-based learning session on neuronal signalling.
- Involved in a lab exercise analysing calcium ion flow in nerve cells.
KN8005: Neuronal Circuits; Neurochemistry and Principles of Network Connectivity
- Run computational lab sessions where students simulate neuronal network models.
- Guide journal club discussions and provide feedback on a term-long literature project.
Research
My research probes the dynamics of electrical communication and neuronal connections within the hypothalamus, with a particular emphasis on understanding how these mechanisms influence behavior and neuroendocrine control. At the core of my work is the study of the tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TIDA) neurons and the dopamine transporter-expressing neurons in the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMvDAT+). TIDA neurons are essential for homeostatic regulation, modulating network oscillations through both pre- and postsynaptic actions. PMvDAT+ neurons are pivotal in governing aggressive behavior and establishing social hierarchies by integrating various sensory cues such as odours, light, and hormonal signals. By employing advanced electrophysiological techniques, I investigate some of their intrinsic properties, including their membrane potential oscillations and firing patterns. These techniques allow for a detailed analysis of how neuronal activity correlates with behavioral outputs.
Organotypic brain slice culture is another critical method in my research, allowing me to maintain the structural and functional integrity of neural circuits in a controlled environment. This approach enables extended observation and manipulation of brain tissue, providing insights into the long-term interactions and adaptations within these circuits. Immunohistochemistry, particularly immunofluorescence, is employed to visualize specific proteins and neuronal populations within the hypothalamus. This technique is instrumental in mapping synaptic connections and understanding the changes in protein expression that occur in response to various stimuli.
Computational modelling forms a cornerstone of my research methodology, providing a powerful tool to simulate neural circuits at varying levels of resolution. These models can represent small groups of neurons or larger populations, capturing the complex interactions and dynamics that govern their function. By integrating data from electrophysiological recordings and immunohistochemical analyses, these models help to test hypotheses, predict outcomes, and generate new insights into the functioning of neural networks.
A significant focus of my research is on the role of electrical synapses and gap junctions in facilitating immediate communication between neurons. These connections are crucial for synchronizing neuronal activities and coordinating electrical outputs, which are vital for processes such as learning, memory, and attention. Understanding the mechanisms by which these synapses and junctions contribute to the reliable and adaptable functioning of neural circuits is essential, as dysfunction in these areas can lead to various neurological and cardiovascular disorders.
Experience-dependent plasticity is another critical area of my research, particularly concerning PMvDAT+ neurons. These neurons exhibit remarkable adaptability, allowing them to modify their activity and connectivity in response to environmental stimuli. This plasticity is crucial for the dynamic regulation of aggressive behaviours and the reinforcement of social hierarchies. By examining how PMvDAT+ neurons integrate sensory and hormonal cues, I aim to uncover the underlying mechanisms that drive these behaviours. Manipulating these neurons can induce lasting changes in social dynamics, providing a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms that underpin aggression and social interactions.
Ultimately, my research aims to bridge a gap between cellular-level interactions and the neurobiological underpinnings of system-level outcomes.