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Geology, Geography and Landscapes

On this page we collect articles about Geology, Geography and Landscapes.

Geology, Geography and Landscapes

News

Deep muddy bottom
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

New policy brief: Safeguard ecosystem function and carbon storage capacity in deep soft bottoms

Deep soft bottoms are of vital importance for the functioning of the whole marine ecosystem and for long-term carbon storage. This is emphasised by researchers from several different departments at Stockholm University in a new policy brief. They stress that EU Member States must be better at protecting these habitats in the Baltic and North Sea.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page

Observed shifts in the floral traits of cowslips

The results of cowslip observations carried out with the help of citizen scientists from 32 countries in over 5,200 locations shed light on the well-being of insect-pollinated plants under changing climate and land use conditions. The study was made possible thanks to the contribution of European science enthusiasts. It revealed some surprising results recently published in the Journal of Ecology, one of the longest-standing top-level journals in this field.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
Tea estate in New Guinea.

Social Anthropologists call for more complexity in biodiversity debate

Increasingly, animal and plant species are being moved, or migrating to new places as a result of climate change, trade and new infrastructure. While often referred to as ‘invasive’, the researchers behind the BIOrdinary project prefer to speak of migratory species. They want to shift the debate to focus on local contexts and contribute to a more nuanced understanding of biodiversity.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Social and economic sustainability - Theme page
The aerial photos needed to be reviewed

Old aerial photos provide a new outlook on 20th century history

Aerial photos from 60 countries across the developing world are now becoming a gold mine for researchers in various fields. This is thanks to a research project in which a large and previously inaccessible archive is digitised and made freely available.

Digitalization and AI - Theme page Economy and Society - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Health and Living Conditions - Theme page Society, Democracy and Welfare - Theme page
Portraits of six researchers combined

Six researchers share SEK 175 million from the Wallenberg Foundation

The importance of Arctic methane emissions for the climate, how matter is formed and broken down, evolutionary shifts in the plant kingdom, and new effective methods for producing bioactive substances that will meet future needs for medicines and advanced electronics. These are just a few examples of basic research at Stockholm University that has received funding from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.

Astronomy and Cosmology - Theme page DNA Research - Theme page Physics - Theme page Chemistry - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Life Science - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Atmosphere and Weather - Theme page Sustainable Chemistry - Theme page
Gia får pris
Department of Physical Geography

Gia Destouni Awarded Baltic Sea Hero for Research on Eutrophication

Professor Georgia (Gia) Destouni, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, has been honoured with the prestigious Baltic Sea Award for her groundbreaking contributions to addressing one of the most pressing environmental challenges facing the Baltic Sea: eutrophication.

Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Legacy effects are expected to reduce phosphorus loads

The accumulation of nutrient legacies on land and in inland waters will lead to excessive nutrient loads to the Baltic Sea for still a long time to come, according to a new study. That's one side of the story. On the positive side, measures already taken to reduce the inputs of nutrients to the catchment will have an impact on future loads to the sea as legacies are depleted, thereby reducing the need for additional mitigation measures.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
GRULAC (Ambassadors from the Group of Latin America and the Caribbean)
Nordic Institute of Latin American Studies

Open lecture at NILAS, ‘Climate Change and Water Challenges in Latin America’

On September 3rd, a seminar titled "Climate Change and Water Challenges in Latin America" was held at the library of the Nordic Institute of Latin American Studies. The event addressed critical water issues in Latin America, such as the lack of infrastructure, insufficient support from the international community, and the risks involved in planning across the region.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Health and Living Conditions - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Society, Democracy and Welfare - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Social and economic sustainability - Theme page
Icebreaker Oden outside Stephenson Island entering the Victoria Fjord.

Arctic expedition has entered remote Greenland fjord

Icebreaker Oden has as the first vessel ever now reached the remote and uncharted Victoria fjord at northern Greenland. Read an update from the GEOEO North of Greenland 2024 expedition on its challenging battle against multiyear sea ice and pressure ridges.

Atmosphere and Weather - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page DNA Research - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Respiration från torra ekosystem är mindre känslig för temperatur.

Warming increases ecosystem carbon emissions – but only with sufficient rain

The emissions of carbon dioxide from ecosystems are known to be higher in warmer climates. Therefore, global warming can speed up emissions, causing a stronger greenhouse effect that worsens climatic changes. But only in sufficiently moist environments where plants and soil organisms are not limited by water availability, as shown in a Nature Ecology & Evolution article with four co-authors from Stockholm University.

Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page
Students standing by the shore. The Baltic Sea in the background.
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

PhD students connect coast and society in a changing climate

Solving complex questions about interactions between the sea and climate change, and how they relate to society, requires a broad set of skills. In a new research school, PhD students from diverse scientific disciplines at Stockholm University get a unique opportunity to learn how transdisciplinary approaches and research communication can lead to sustainable management of coastal environments.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Law, Crime and Justice - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Sustainable Chemistry - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Baltic Breakfast: Ocean acidification – an emerging problem also in the Baltic Sea

Large anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide don’t only cause global warming, but also acidification of the oceans. In the Baltic Sea pH is expected to decrease between 0.1 and 0.4 units during this century depending on future emissions. The effects of ocean acidification on organisms have already been visible and are expected to increase, but not for the reason previously thought.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Chemistry - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
Peter Heintzman

Using genetics to map the impacts of prehistoric climate change

Our climate is becoming ever warmer – impacting plant and animal ecosystems. But this is by no means the first time Earth has experienced climate change. Wallenberg Academy Fellow Peter Heintzman is using genetics to examine how prehistoric climate change has impacted life on Earth.

Climate and Environment - Theme page DNA Research - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Oljemålning föreställande skepp som lastar och lossar

Grain at any price: New project investigates food supply variations in early modern Europe

In a new research project, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, together with researchers from three different disciplines, will investigate and explain the relationship between grain prices and food stress in various parts of Europe from the 16th century to the 18th century.

History, Archeology and Cultural Heritage - Theme page Mathematics and Statistics - Theme page Economy and Society - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page

The genomic secrets of how the muskox survived until today

At the end of the last Ice Age, many iconic species became extinct. However, one Ice Age relict, perfectly adapted to the harsh climate of the tundra environment, has survived until the present day. In a new research study in Molecular Ecology, scientists investigate how the muskox mastered living on the edge – geographically, ecologically, and genetically.

DNA Research - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Major Baltic Sea research initiative - 12 PhD positions open

Within a new graduate school in ocean, climate and environmental issues, 12 doctoral students will be admitted at several of Stockholm University's departments.

Atmosphere and Weather - Theme page Chemistry - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Economy and Society - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Sustainable Chemistry - Theme page
People walking in different directions in a staircase.
Department of Human Geography

17.4 million for research programs on segregation

The Swedish Research Council has granted grants to the program which aims to improve the understanding of, among other things, patterns of ethnic, socio-economic and demographic segregation over time, taking into account both micro and macro segregation.

Economy and Society - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Health and Living Conditions - Theme page Society, Democracy and Welfare - Theme page
Department of Social Anthropology

Anthropologist admitted to the Pro Futura programme

Chakad Ojani has been admitted to the Pro Futura Sciencia programme for promising early-career scholars. In the coming five years he will be working on the project ‘Oceans in the sky’ that deals with fog capture in coastal Peru.

Atmosphere and Weather - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Economy and Society - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Society, Democracy and Welfare - Theme page
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Baltic Breakfast: Messing with the seabed – and below it

The seabed and the bedrock could play an important role for the green transition; for mining of minerals and storing of carbon dioxide. But the environmental consequences of such activities are not fully understood, showed the presentations at the last Baltic Breakfast.

Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
Child picking coffee berries

Child labour contributes to the preservation of forest cover

The work with forest preservation in southwestern Ethiopia, where smallholder coffee farmers play an important part, is essential for global sustainability. But there are also negative consequences to the synergy between smallholder cash crop production and biodiversity values. A new study conducted by researchers from Stockholm University, published in the International Journal of Educational Development, shows that child labour plays an important role in the system.

Children and Young People - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Economy and Society - Theme page Gender and Equality - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page Society, Democracy and Welfare - Theme page
SACO studentmässan. Foto: IGV
Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper

SACO studentmässan

IGV var på SACO:s studentmässa för att lansera sitt nya program i marin geovetenskap.

Successful investment in ocean research network

The Baltic Sea Fellows initiative, a network of young Baltic Sea researchers from several disciplines, was launched to strengthen the environmental Baltic Sea research at Stockholm University. The results of this year's awarded research grants from the Swedish Research Council and Formas show that it is going well. The group of researchers has raised over 25 million Swedish crowns this year.

Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Department of Geological Sciences

The barrier that helped the Great Barrier Reef form

Scientists had always been puzzled why the Great Barrier Reef formed long after Australia had conditions suitable for reef growth. It turns out the answer might be K’gari, or Fraser Island, shows new research by Daniel Ellerton, Postdoctoral at IGV and James Shulmeister, Adjunct Professor (University of Queensland and University of Canterbury). They discussed the new research in "The Conversation".

Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page
Male reindeer walking on a paved road

The majority of reindeer grazing land is under cumulative pressures

Reindeer herding has a long history in northern Norway, Sweden and Finland. It has shaped the Fennoscandian mountain landscape, and is also seen as means to mitigate climate change effects on vegetation. Yet a new study published in Scientific Reports shows that the majority of this grazing land is exposed to cumulative pressures, threatened by the expansion of human activities towards the north.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Department of Geological Sciences

Microorganism shell acts as a time capsule

A research team at IGV led by Helen Coxall is investigating the response of marine plankton to climate change in the Arctic Ocean. The team has sampled planktonic foraminifera from the ocean and seafloor sediments during the SAS cruise in 2021 with Icebreaker /Oden/. They will use these samples to investigate how different species have responded to warm periods in the past and how they are adapting to modern global warming. This article contains more information about the project and about the progress the researchers have made so far.

Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page
Stockholm University Center for Circular and Sustainable Systems

Receivers of the SUCCeSS first Post doc funding round announced

During the SUCCeSS workshop on June 14th, the first three funded post doc projects were announced. We are now happy to share this piece of new with the world. The following projects will be funded:

Chemistry - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Sustainable Chemistry - Theme page
Forskningsfartyget Electra
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Electra on major expedition to map Baltic Sea methane

Stockholm University's research vessel Electra sets off today across the Baltic Sea for a major multidisciplinary expedition off the Finnish coast. Through extensive sampling of sediment, water and air, researchers at the new CoastClim centre will map how much methane from the seabed is reaching the atmosphere and affecting the climate.

Atmosphere and Weather - Theme page Climate and Environment - Theme page Chemistry - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Poplar

Fast-growing poplars can release land for food production

Researchers at Stockholm University and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences have developed a novel value chain for production of textile and bio-fuel from fast-growing poplars. By applying sustainable catalysis on these poplars grown on marginal land in Nordic climates, the demand for cotton can be reduced. Consequently, considerable areas of productive agricultural land can be converted from cotton to food production.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Sustainable Chemistry - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre

Baltic Breakfast: The Danish example shows that nitrogen leakage can be reduced

Increased nutrient efficiency in agriculture and decreasing atmospheric deposition have had large and sustained effects on the Danish river loads of nitrogen. But to reach the goal of the Water Framework Directive, further measures are needed, such as taking areas out of agricultural production, means researcher Gitte Blicher-Mathisen, Aarhus University. Benoît Dessirier, researcher at Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre urges to reconsider today's focus on animal production to build a more resilient system and safeguard the water quality.

Climate and Environment - Theme page Geology, Geography and Landscapes - Theme page Oceans and Lakes - Theme page Plants, Animals and Nature - Theme page
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Videos

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Research projects

Agreement-based Approaches in Nordic Spatial Planning

In spatial planning, new strategic planning practices have appeared in the form of contractual policies and accompanying agreement-based arrangements between state and local governments (public-public partnerships) at the city-regional level.

Research
Cumulative impact assessment of marine benthic habitats (“Carambha”)

The cumulative effects of various human activities on coastal and marine ecosystems are a pressing problem. The seafloor is subject to physical pressures from e.g. construction, dredging, marine traffic and bottom trawling, which may co-occur with each other and with climate change and eutrophication.

Digital Nature

Social-technical relations and practices within Sweden’s rural agriculture and harvesting industry.

Woman stands among plants and holds a reading tablet.
GEOEO – North of Greenland 2024 Expedition

In August–September 2024, the North of Greenland expedition with IB Oden will go to Northern Greenland and the adjacent Arctic Ocean, including the Lincoln Sea. The expedition forms a part of the research theme GEOEO (North Greenland Earth-Ocean-Ecosystem Observatory), which has been endorsed through the Polar Research Process.

Health and economic disparities in the integration process of queer migrants

Due to employment transitions, changes in type of residence, loss of social supports, and acclimation to a new health service system, immigrants temporarily or permanently face challenges in terms of income, professional status, and health outcomes such as anxiety, depression, HIV/AIDS, and various forms of chronic disease.

Research
NG | Permafrost thaw (ILLUQ)

The aim of this project is to provide a holistic understanding of permafrost thaw, pollution, and human and environmental well-being in the Arctic.

NG| Carbon Loss In Plants, Soils and Oceans (CALIPSO)

CALIPSO is aimed at understanding the fate of future CO2 and climate change through a new representation of carbon loss pathways from plants, soils and ocean, by leveraging novel observations, theoretical understanding, machine learning tools and integration of processes with Earth system models

NG| Changes in Arctic Permafrost Ecosystem Services (CAPES)

Accelerating permafrost thaw in the Arctic drastically changes the ecosystem as a whole, which, in turn, impacts the everyday life of local communities and Indigenous populations. CAPES specifically focuses on the impact of climate change on populations living on permafrost in the Arctic using an ecosystem service approach.

NG| ECSTATIC

Exploring Causes of Species and Trait Alterations in Terrestrial ecosystems: Impacts and Consequences

NG| Landscape indicators for biological diversity

The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency's call "Indicators for biodiversity at landscape level" aims to increase our knowledge about the effects of fragmentation on biological diversity, important ecological structures, functions at a landscape level and proposals on how this can be measured.

Land use changed over the past 200 years
PLANTS

Planners as agents for the transition towards sustainable cities and regions – implications for future needs in expertise and education

Vallastaden, Linköping.
PLUS Change

Planning Land Use Strategies: Meeting biodiversity, climate and social objectives in a changing world.

Practicing Food Sovereignty

Practicing Food Sovereignty focuses on indigenous communities and agricultural practices in four countries of the Eastern Himalaya region: Bhutan, Chittagong Hill Tracks of Bangladesh, Nepal, and Northeast India.

Regional planning cultures – institutional changes and place-based practices

Questions about how regional spatial planning can contribute to reducing climate impact and how regional actors can manage land use conflicts have been neglected in Sweden, despite the fact that this is an important arena for addressing many of today's acute sustainability challenges. This research project aims to contribute to reducing this knowledge gap.

Satellite measurements of the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves

This research will improve the tools available for processing and analyzing satellite data on ice sheets and ice shelves. we aim to understand how the ice sheet and ice shelves of Dronning Maud Land will evolve over the next 280 years—a critical piece of knowledge needed to prepare for rising global sea levels.

The Insect Biome Atlas

A large-scale insect collection project taking place in Sweden and Madagascar. The main aim of the project is to describe in detail the insect faunas of these two biologically and geologically very different countries.

Trajectories of vulnerability: A spatial perspective

In the Swedish debate, spatial differences in living conditions have increasingly been identified as one of society's major challenges. While large population groups enjoy better material living conditions than perhaps ever before, other groups are living in both economic, social, and housing insecurity.

Att blanda upplåtelseformer och hustyper är en åtgärd mot boendesegregation. Bilden visar privat h
iQ2300: East Antarctic Sea level rise contribution in 2300

iQ2300 aims at a multi-disciplinary approach to the terrestrial and marine responses of the Queen Maud Land margin, one of the most vulnerable parts of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, across geological (>10³ yr), historical (10² yr), and recent (<10¹ yr) timescales.

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Research groups

Circulation and connection land-sea-atmosphere

Over long timescales, the circulation systems co-evolve with ice sheets, mountain ranges, and redistributions of carbon between the atmosphere, ocean and land. The circulation and associated feedbacks influence exchanges of energy and materials between compartments of the climate system, and create teleconnections and natural climate variability.

Image: Ines Jakobsson/Stockholm University
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Ecography Lab

The Ecography Lab at the department is engaged in an ongoing research project focusing on environmental and multispecies anthropology, with the aim of combining ecology and ethnography into one ecographic method and way on anlysis.

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